まだ Japanese Grammar Lesson
Grammar Type: Adverb
Essential Meaning: Still / Not yet
Construction: Adverb
Notes:
- まだ conveys the idea that someone or something is still in the state that they were in some time ago. Depending on the polarity of the main verb, まだ can indicate that something is still the case (e.g. “I’m still hungry“) or that something is still not the case (e.g. “I still haven’t eaten“). You can think of まだ as meaning “Still” in the affirmative and “Not yet” in the negative.
- E.g. Affirmative: 木村くんはまだ昼ごはんを食べている。[Kimura-kun is still eating lunch.] In this example, the subject is still in the state of eating lunch.
- E.g. Negative: A: もう昼ごはんを食べましたか。B: いいえ、まだです。[A: Did you already eat lunch? B: No, not yet.] In this example, Speaker B is not yet in the state of eating lunch (i.e. he or she is still in the state of having not eaten lunch).
- The opposite of まだ is もう, which indicates that someone or something is no longer in the state that it was in some time ago (e.g. “I’ve already eaten“, “I’m no longer hungry“). You can think of もう as meaning “Already” in the affirmative and “No longer” in the negative.
Example Sentences:
木村くんはまだ昼ごはんを食べている。[Kimura-kun is still eating lunch.]
太田さんはまだそのことを知らない。[Ota-san still doesn’t know that.]
お酒はまだありますか。[Do you already have sake?]
私はまだ日本へ行ったことがない。[I still haven’t been to Japan.]
A: もう昼ごはんを食べましたか。B: いいえ、まだです。[A: Did you already eat lunch? B: No, not yet.]
WILD Examples:
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