いる (To Need) Japanese Grammar Lesson
Grammar Type: Verb (Group 1)
Essential Meaning: Someone or Something needs or requires X
Construction: EXPERIENCER (に) は NEEDED OBJECT がいる
Notes:
- いる (To need) (要る in kanji) represents the idea that someone or something needs some object X. 要る conjugates as a Group 1 Verb (i.e. 要らない, 要って, 要ります, et cetera).
- 要る (To need) takes the ~は~が structure, where the experiencer (i.e. the one who needs) is marked by は and the needed object is marked by が. The experiencer can optionally be marked by に in addition to は.
- E.g. 私は今お金が要る。[I need money now.]
- E.g. この子にはいい家庭教師が要る。[This child needs a good tutor.]
- E.g. このプロジェクトには人と金が要る。[This project requires people and money.]
- In subordinate clauses, the subject cannot be marked by は unless the clause is used in a contrastive sense. Thus, when 要る (To need) is used in a subordinate clause, the experiencer is generally marked by either が or by に.
- E.g. この車がガソリンがたくさん要ることを知っていましたか。[Did you know that this car requires a lot of gas?]
- E.g. この車にガソリンがたくさん要ることを知っていましたか。[Did you know that this car requires a lot of gas?]
Example Sentences:
君たちは英和辞典が要る。[You guys need an English-Japanese dictionary.]
私は今お金が要る。[I need money now.]
何か道具が要りますか。[Do you need any tools?]
この車はガソリンがたくさん要る。[This car requires gasoline.]
WILD Examples:
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